LAWE1100 Juvenile Justice and Delinquency (On Hold)

Minnesota POST Board Learning Objectives:

1. 1.3.1 Define and describe models of the conscious processes of critical thinking, logical reasoning and problem solving.
2. 1.3.2 Use structured problem-solving methods to develop creative and innovative solutions to a variety of problems.
3. 1.3.3 Applying reason and evidence to formulate logical inferences and draw logical conclusions.
4. 1.8.7 Describe officer survival/safety issues relative to a variety of peace officer duties, including traffic enforcement, arrest, vehicle stops, felony stops, pursuits, and plain clothes and undercover work.
5. 2.2.7 State the requirements of the Fourth Amendment on the law of arrest.
6. 2.2.10 Evaluate mock crime situations and determine if evidence is admissible under the Fourth Amendment.
7. 2.2.11 Explain types of evidence and the differences between them, i.e., direct and circumstantial evidence.
8. 2.2.12 Describe the exclusionary rule and risks associated with contaminated evidence and loss of chain of custody of evidence.
9. 2.2.13 Describe the following suspect identification methods:  line-up, photo line-up, and field identification.
10. 2.3.4 Explain the scope and limitation of a lawful warrant-less seizure during a consent search of persons.
11. 2.3.5 Explain the scope and limitation of a lawful warrantless search of a premise and warrantless search of a vehicle. 
12. 2.3.6 Explain the scope and limitation of a lawful warrant-less search during a search based on exigent circumstances.
13. 2.3.7 Explain the scope of a lawful warrant-less search during a plain view search.
14. 2.7.3 Explain the key elements of the juvenile justice system including: the levels of juvenile offenses, criminal conviction versus adjudicated delinquent, and adult versus juvenile offense charges, the juvenile court system and dispositions available to youthful offenders, and the impact of juvenile case law on peace officers including:  In Re Gault, In Re Winship, McKiever vs. Pennsylvania, Fare vs. Michael C., and New Jersey vs. T.L.O.
15. 2.7.4 Discuss the law enforcement officer’s responsibility for working as a team member with juvenile protective-services professionals.
16. 2.7.5 Identify and discuss actions that are required when processing juveniles including:
17. when photos may be taken, when they are required and when they must be forwarded to the Minnesota Bureau of Criminal Apprehension, when juveniles can and cannot be used in a photo line-up, the services provided by the intake officer/counselor, the laws that apply to legally interviewing a juvenile, parental notification requirements, the setting and procedures for holding conferences with juveniles and their parents, the criteria needed for obtaining secure and non-secure custody orders, factors to consider when making emergency placement of children, and legal detentions of juveniles.
18. 2.15.5 Define the term in loco parentis and describe the role of a guardian ad litem.
19. 2.17.3 Describe characteristics of perpetrators of sexual assault and their impact on: why sexual assault is under-reported, and how degradation, domination, humiliation, and terror impact the needs of victims of sexual assault. 
20. 2.17.5 Identify physical and psychological consequences of sexual assault on victims and how severity, frequency and characteristics of the perpetrator influence those consequences.
21. 2.17.4 Identify important statistics related to sexual assault including those related to:  the prevalence of sexual assault, the gender, age and characteristics of victims and perpetrators, and whether or not the perpetrator is known or unknown to the victim.
22. 2.17.5 Identify physical and psychological consequences of sexual assault on victims and how severity, frequency and characteristics of the perpetrator influence those consequences.
23. 2.17.7 Explain special care and evidence collection considerations for victims of sexual assault including: sexual assault evidence collection and preservation including DNA evidence and evidence collection by a physician, immediate physical and psychological care needs, and  long term concerns regarding safety, sense of privacy and well-being, unwanted pregnancy, and sexually transmitted disease. 
24. 3.2.6 Explain and participate in evidence-based procedures for identifying suspects, i.e., lineup, photo lineup, and field identification, including blind/blinded administration of the lineup, instructions to the eye witness that the perpetrator may or may not be present, use of non-suspect “fillers” that match the eyewitness’s description of the perpetrator and do not make the suspect noticeably stand out and asking a witness to state his or her level of certainty, in his or her own words, as soon as an identification is made.
25. 3.5.8 Explain the impact of the Electronic Communication Privacy Act and other pertinent case law on the collection of technological evidence.
26. 3.5.9 Discuss the importance of information obtained from electronic devices in crimes including: pornography, economic fraud, e-mail threats, extortion, gambling, identity theft, narcotics, prostitution, software piracy, and telecommunications fraud.
27. 3.14.12 Discuss investigation and evidence collection techniques specifically related to homicide, suicide, accidental and natural death scenes.


Outcome Area 2


28. 1.6.7 Discuss culturally responsive approaches to dealing with victims and perpetrators of violence. (Minn. Stat. 626.8451., Subp. 1.a. (4))
29. 1.7.3 Identify the value of cooperation and collaboration in solving problems.
30. 1.7.4 Demonstrate behaviors associated with effectively working as part of a team to solve law enforcement related problems and issues.
31. 1.7.5 Employ teamwork skills to foster positive working relationships, accomplish team goals and effectively utilize team member talents.
32. 2.23.1. Identify and discuss crimes commonly described as cybercrime or internet crime.
33. 3.5.1 Describe appropriate protective gear that may be needed when collecting and processing evidence.
34. 3.5.2 Identify various types of evidence, i.e., blood and biological, weapons, explosives and arson related evidence, hair and fiber, impressions, fingerprints, documents, clothing.
35. 3.5.3 Describe risks associated with contamination of evidence.
36. 3.5.4 Demonstrate proper preservation, collection, processing, storage, and chain of custody procedures for a variety of types of evidence, i.e., fingerprints, DNA, shoe/tire impressions, blood spatter.
37. 3.5.5 Demonstrate proper evidence documenting techniques, i.e. note taking, field sketching and/or photographing/videoing.
38. 3.5.6 Discuss the impact of new or emerging technologies on crime scene evidence collection and investigation.
39. 3.5.7 Recognize, secure and protect technical evidence at a crime scene, i.e. computers, phones, cameras, surveillance equipment.
40. 3.6.1 Practice responding to a variety of requests for service including: receiving and comprehending information to and from dispatcher, demonstrating safe vehicle positioning where applicable based on type of call and information available, observing and conducting initial assessment upon arrival at the scene for safety concerns and useful information, using active listening and clear oral communication skills, identifying victims, witnesses and suspects, taking statements and conducting initial interviews, making reasonable decisions based on a reasonable interpretation of observations and circumstances, and determining what additional services might be called in, e.g., EMS, Social Services. 
41. 3.6.2 Demonstrate how to safely and properly secure and protect a crime scene.
42. 3.6.3 Given a crime scene, determine if there is enough evidence to provide probable cause for a search or arrest warrant and fill out the appropriate form(s) to obtain the warrant.
43. 3.14.36 Explain the terms flashover and backdraft and the risks associated with flames, heat, smoke, toxic gasses and explosions at fire scenes.
44. 3.14.37 Describe the crime of arson, the common evidence used in differentiating between arson caused fire and other causes, and the importance of securing and protecting evidence at fire scenes.
45. 3.14.38 Discuss responsibilities and safety concerns relative to peace officer response to fire scenes and the different roles and responsibilities of officers, fire fighters and representatives of the fire marshal’s office.
46. 3.14.39 Explain how to use a fire extinguisher on various types of fires.
47. 3.14.59 Define the terms white collar crime and identity theft and describe the importance of evidence protection in investigation of financial fraud, white collar crime and identify theft.


Outcome Area 3
48. 2.2.8 Explain how constitutional rights in the Fifth, Sixth, and Fourteenth Amendments affect police interrogations.
49. 2.2.9 Summarize the rights of individuals being interrogated under the Fifth and Sixth Amendments and the importance of adhering to procedures that protect those rights including: the prohibition against forced or coerced self-incrimination,   the Sixth Amendment right to counsel and correlating Minnesota Statute (Minn. Stat. 481.10).
50. 2.2.22 Discuss limits placed on interrogation procedures in order to ensure protection of rights for U.S. citizens and non-citizens.
51. 2.6.1 Explain the Supreme Court decision Miranda vs. Arizona and the four components of the Miranda warning.
52. 2.6.2 Explain a criminal defendant's Sixth Amendment right to an attorney in all criminal prosecutions including interviews and interrogations.
53. 2.6.3 Describe legal interviewing and interrogation techniques peace officers may use and the difference between a voluntary and a coerced statement. 
54. 2.6.4 Explain the difference between custodial and noncustodial interview and interrogation.
55. 2.6.5 Describe considerations for videotaping and recording interviews and interrogations and explain when interrogations must be recorded (State v. Scales, 518 N.W.2d 587 (Minn.1994).
56. 2.6.6 Explain when admissions and confessions are legally admissible in court.
57. 2.6.7 Explain the purpose of an interrogation and how results of interrogation can be used in trials.
58. 2.6.8 Explain the conditions under which confessions may or may not be used in court.
59. 3.2.1 Discuss interview techniques used to: build rapport, encourage full meaningful answers and discourage suggestibility, clarify and corroborate statements, enhance memory, detect deception, and obtain information from a reluctant witness. 
60. 3.2.2 Discuss interview considerations and techniques for interviewing children, vulnerable adults and traumatized victims.
61. 3.2.3 Discuss how and why interviewing techniques must vary depending on the interviewee and the circumstances, i.e., when interviewing children, traumatized victims. 
62. 3.2.4 Conduct interviews using procedures that: are appropriate to the situation, ensure the protection of individual rights, effectively gather information, encourage cooperation, and enhance memory. 
63. 3.2.5 Conduct interrogations of suspects using appropriate techniques to gather information, detect deception, and gain an admission or confession depending on the circumstances.
64. 3.2.7. Describe how eyewitness memory works and how it can be impacted by estimator variables (e.g., lighting at the crime scene, distance from the crime, presence of a weapon, cross-racial factors) and system variable (e.g., lineup procedures).


Outcome Area 4


65. 1.1.6 Compose documents that demonstrate competent writing skills, including: writing from the first person viewpoint, differentiating between facts, inferences and opinions, correctly structuring sentences and paragraphs, and using correct grammar, spelling, punctuation and capitalization. 
66. 2.3.2 Explain and demonstrate search warrant preparation including establishing a factual basis for probable cause and identifying items to be searched for and seized.
67. 2.3.8 Discuss how telephonic search warrants and search warrant templates can speed up the search warrant application process.
68. 3.6.4 Request search or arrest warrants where appropriate.


Outcome Area 5


69. 2.3.3 Identify the legal requirements governing preparation and execution of the search warrant of a suspect's home or dwelling, vehicle, or person.
70. 2.3.9. Explaining each of the following types of orders: Domestic Violence Protective Orders, Order of No Contact, and Orders to Pick Up Children.